Romania is located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe and has a territory of 238,397 square kilometers. Romania borders Bulgaria, Hungary, Moldova, Serbia and Ukraine. Romania has access to the Black Sea. The capital city of Romania is Bucharest, the largest city and the location of key government institutions. Romania has a population of 19 million people.
Corporate taxation, VAT taxation, Personal taxation
- Corporate income tax - 16%. Tax rates of 1% or 3% apply to microenterprises (annual income less than EUR 1 million). Tax returns are filed on a quarterly basis. Advance income tax payments are made on a quarterly basis
- Dividend withholding tax - Standard tax rate 5%
- Interest withholding tax - Standard tax rate 16%
- Royalties withholding tax - Standard tax rate 16%
- Capital gains tax - 16%
- VAT - Standard tax rate 19% or reduced rates from 0% up to 9% or tax exempt. Tax returns are filed on a monthly, quarterly, biannual or annual basis
- Personal income tax - 10%.
The following are the most common types of companies to incorporate a company in Romania as:
- Limited liability company (Societate cu raspundere limitata - SRL)
- Public limited company (Societate pe actiuni - SA)
- General partnership (Societate in nume colectiv - SNC)
- Limited partnership (Societate in comandita simpla - SCS)
- Partnership limited by shares (Societate in comandita pe actiuni - SCA)
- European company (Societas Europaea)
- Branch office (Sucursala).
Official currency of Romania is Romanian leu (RON).
Romania has a high-income economy with a skilled workforce. Romania is the largest electronics producer in the region. In the past 20 years Romania has also grown into a major center for mobile technology, information security, and hardware research. Romania is also a regional leader in IT and motor vehicle production. Bucharest is one of the leading financial and industrials centers in Eastern Europe.
The GDP of Romania grew by 5.1% in 2021 and amounted to USD 284 billion. Tertiary sector makes up 58.2% of the GDP of the country, followed by industry sector at 27.78%, agriculture at just 4.35%.
In terms of foreign trade the largest exports of the country are vehicles, vehicle parts, machinery, chemical goods, electronic products, electrical equipment, pharmaceuticals, transport equipment, basic metals, food products, rubber and plastics, petroleum oils, air or vacuum pumps, maize.
Imports of Romania consist of energy, petroleum oils, natural gas, cars and vehicles, electric equipment, consumer goods, insulated wire.
Primary trading partners of Romania are Italy, France, Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Netherlands, United Kingdom, China, Czech Republic, Turkey and Austria.