The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is located in Western Europe on the island of Great Britain and comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom has a territory of 242,495 square kilometers. The United Kingdom shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland and has access to the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The capital city of the United Kingdom is London, the largest city and the location of key government institutions. The United Kingdom has a population of 67,8 million people.
Corporate taxation, VAT taxation, Personal taxation
- Corporate income tax - 19%. Tax returns are filed on an annual basis. Advance income tax payments are made on a quarterly or an annual basis
- Dividend withholding tax - 0%
- Interest withholding tax - Standard tax rate 20%
- Royalties withholding tax - 20%
- Capital gains tax - 19%
- VAT - Standard tax rate 20% or reduced rates from 0% up to 12.5% or tax exempt. Tax returns are filed on a monthly, on a quarterly or on an annual basis
- Personal income tax - from 0% up to 45%.
The following are the most common types of companies to incorporate a company in the United Kingdom as:
- Private company limited by shares
- Public limited company
- Private company limited by guarantee
- Unlimited company
- General partnership
- Limited partnership
- Limited liability partnership
- Branch office.
Official currency of the United Kingdom is the pound sterling (GBP).
The United Kingdom has a highly developed social market economy. In 2020 the United Kingdom was the 5th largest exporter and the 5th largest importer in the world with 3rd largest foreign direct investment. The largest sector in the country is its tertiary sector making up 80% of the state GDP. London is the 2nd largest financial center in the world. The UK technology sector is valued at USD 1 trillion. The UK has a large aerospace, pharmaceutical and R&D industries. The UK has vast natural resources and vast sea oild and gas production. Agriculture in the UK is intensive, highly mechanised, and efficient by European standards. The country produces around 65% of its food needs.
The GDP of the United Kingdom grew by 7.5% in 2021 and amounted to USD 3.18 trillion. Tertiary sector makes up 80% of the GDP of the country, followed by industry sector at 17.5% and agriculture at 1%.
In terms of foreign trade the largest exports of the country are manufactured goods, fuel products, oil, chemical products, food products, gold, cars and vehicles, aircrafts, medicaments, platinum, gas turbines, industrial machinery, electrical machinery, electrical and electronic equipment, financial services.
Imports of the United Kingdom consist of energy, oil, natural gas, electrical machinery and equipment, cars and vehicles, optical and technical equipment, plastics, furniture, consumer goods.
Primary trading partners of the United Kingdom are USA, Germany, Switzerland, Netherlands, Ireland, France, China, Belgium, Luxembourg Italy, Norway, Japan and Spain.